Global volcanic emissions (highest preferred estimate) - 0.26 Gt/y (Billion metric tons per year)
Anthropogenic CO2 from fuel combustion 2015 - 32.3 Gt/y
Mount St. Helens, 18 May 1980 0.01 Gt
Mount Pinatubo, 15 June 1991 0.05 Gt
Number of Pinatubo-equivalent eruptions equal to 2015 global anthropogenic CO2 - 646
Number of Mount St. Helens-equivalent eruptions equal to 2015 global anthropogenic CO2 - 3230
Izvor: https://www.usgs.gov/natural-hazards/volcano-hazards/volcanoes-can-affect-climate
There is no question that very large volcanic eruptions can inject significant amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. The 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens vented approximately 10 million tons of CO2 into the atmosphere in only 9 hours. However, it currently takes humanity only 2.5 hours to put out the same amount. While large explosive eruptions like this are rare and only occur globally every 10 years or so, humanity's emissions are ceaseless and increasing every year.
Stavise, vulkani mogu da prouzrokuju suprotni efekt:
The aerosols increase the reflection of radiation from the Sun back into space, cooling the Earth's lower atmosphere or troposphere.
"The Scientific Consensus on Climate Change" by Naomi Oreskes (100%).
"Examining the Scientific Consensus on Climate Change" by Peter T. Doran et al. (97%).
"Expert credibility in climate change" by William R. L. Anderegg et al. (97%).
"Scientists’ Views about Attribution of Global Warming" by Bart Verheggen et al. (97%).
"Quantifying the consensus on anthropogenic global warming in the scientific literature" by John Cook et al. (97%)
Kada postoji naucni koncenzus, onus dokaza lezi na onima koji ga izazivaju da predstave empirijske dokaze objavljene u strucno recenziranoj literaturi. Ako su validni, ti dokazi ce postati deo novog koncenzusa. Do tada mozete da drobite do sutra sta je istina, a sta nije, ostaje koncenzus. Kao sto postoji koncenzus o evoluciji (koja je cinjenica), gravitaciji, obliku zemlje, heliocentricnosti (postoje ljudi koji negiraju da se Zemlja okrece oko Sunca, vec veruju u suprotno - koga briga, sta tacno mogu da demonstriraju? Jedno veliko nista).
...we found that, as the level of expertise in climate science grew, so too did the level of agreement on anthropogenic causation. 90% of respondents with more than 10 climate-related peer-reviewed publications (about half of all respondents), explicitly agreed with anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs) being the dominant driver of recent global warming.
Koliko je koncenzus jak ukazuje cinjenica da ne postoji nijedna naucna institucija ili akademsko telo na planeti Zemlji koja negira da su klimatske promene prouzrokovane ljudskom aktivnoscu.
10 Biggest Oil Companies
Led by Saudi Aramco, these are the 10 biggest oil companies in the world by revenue.
www.investopedia.com
Cak ni naftne kompanije vise ne negiraju cinjenice.
Nije me mrzelo, evo sta 10 najvecih imaju da kazu o tome:
1. http://www.sinopecgroup.com/group/en/socialresponsibility/Green/facc.shtml
2. http://www.petrochina.com.cn/ptr/shyhj/2017kcxfzbgen.shtml
3. https://www.aramco.com/en/investors...and-governance/environment-and-climate-change
4. https://www.shell.com/energy-and-in...ml#iframe=L3dlYmFwcHMvY2xpbWF0ZV9hbWJpdGlvbi8
5. https://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/sustainability/getting-to-net-zero.html
6. https://corporate.exxonmobil.com/Sustainability/Environmental-protection/Climate-change
7. https://totalenergies.com/media/news/total-adopts-new-climate-ambition-get-net-zero-2050
8. https://www.chevron.com/sustainability/environment/climate-policy
9. https://www.marathonoil.com/sustainability/environment/climate-change/
10. https://www.lukoil.com/Responsibility/Climatechange
Ove kompanije su profitirale nekoliko hiljada milijardi dolara u poslednjih nekoliko decenija i profitirace nekoliko hiljada milijardi (biliona ili 1.000.000.000.000+) dolara samo u sledecih 10 godina. Pomislio bi covek da bi mogli da uticu na koncenzus od 97% sa svim svojim bilionima dolara ako je sve tako korumpirano. Vraska neka zavera.
Logicki argument nije dovoljan sam po sebi, potrebni su i dokazi. Da, neki ce profitirati na alternativnoj energiji, ali mnogi ce izgubiti novac, neke industrije ce potpuno nestati. Otuda i pokusaji tih industrija da se negiraju klimatske promene.